ASTM A213 / ASME SA213 TP321 Stainless Steel Seamless Heat Exchanger Tube
ASTM A213 TP321 S32100 STAINLESS STEEL SEAMLESS HEAT EXCHANGER TUBING
Stainless Steel 321 contains titanium (Ti) ≥5× carbon content to prevent chromium carbide precipitation during welding or high-temperature exposure (450–850°C). This stabilization ensures resistance to intergranular corrosion even after prolonged thermal cycling, a critical feature for heat exchangers in refineries and power plants1013. Unlike non-stabilized grades like TP304, TP321 retains corrosion resistance in sensitization-prone environments, making it ideal for post-weld applications without requiring heat treatment
Equivalent Grade of ASTM A213 TP321/TP321G Stainless Steel Seamless Tubing
| Grade | UNS No | Old British | Euronorm | Swedish SS | Japanese JIS | ||
| BS | En | No | Name | ||||
| 321 | S32100 | 321S31 | 58B, 58C | 1.4541 | X6CrNiTi18-10 | 2337 | SUS 321 |
| 321H | S32109 | 321S51 | - | 1.4878 | X10CrNiTi18-10 | - | SUS 321H |
Mechanical & Physical Properties of ASTM A213 TP321/TP321G Stainless Steel Seamless Tubing
| Density | 8.0 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point | 1454 °C (2650 °F) |
| Tensile Strength | Psi – 75000 , MPa – 515 |
| Yield Strength (0.2%Offset) | Psi – 30000 , MPa – 205 |
| Elongation | 35 % |
Chemical Composition of ASTM A213 TP321/TP321G Stainless Steel Seamless Tubing
| SS 321 | SS 321H | |
| Ni | 9 – 12 | 9 – 12 |
| Cr | 17 – 19 | 17 – 19 |
| C | 0.08 max | 0.04 – 0.10 |
| N | 0.10 max | |
| Fe | Balance | |
| Mn | 2 max | 2 max |
| Si | 0.75 max | 0.75 max |
| S | 0.03 max | 0.03 max |
| P | 0.045 max | 0.045 max |
| Ti | 5xC min 0.60% max | 4xC min 0.60% max |
Key Characteristics
- Corrosion Resistance: Excellent resistance to oxidation and corrosion, especially in environments with exposure to organic and inorganic acids.
- High-Temperature Strength: Ideal for use in environments up to 900°C due to its superior creep and stress rupture properties.
- Titanium Stabilization: Prevents carbide precipitation and intergranular corrosion, making it superior to TP304 in high-temperature applications.
- Weldability: Good weldability without the need for post-weld heat treatment in most cases.
Advantages Over Other Stainless Steel Grades
- Better High-Temperature Performance than TP304 and TP316 due to its titanium stabilization.
- Resistant to Sensitization during welding, reducing the risk of intergranular corrosion.
- Comparable Corrosion Resistance to TP304 but with enhanced durability in extreme environments
Application
Due to its superior high-temperature performance and corrosion resistance, TP321 seamless tubes are widely used in industries such as:
- Aerospace – High-temperature exhaust systems, jet engine components.
- Chemical Processing – Acidic and caustic environments requiring long-term corrosion resistance.
- Petroleum & Refining – Heat exchangers, process piping, and pressure vessels.
- Power Plants – Superheater tubes, reheater tubes, and boiler components.
- Food Processing – Used in equipment where resistance to organic acids is needed.
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