Stainless Steel Seamless Heat Exchanger Tube ASME SA213 TP321 Bright Annealed U Bend Tube
Stainless Steel Seamless Heat Exchanger Tube ASME SA213 TP321 Bright Annealed U Bend Tube
TP321 is a standard austenitic stainless steel(under ASME/ASTM standards). It is equivalent to Grade 1.4541 (X10CrNiTi18-9) in Germany or 06Cr18Ni11Ti in China.
It is a stabilized version of 304 stainless steel (18% Cr, 8% Ni) with the addition of Titanium (Ti). This modification gives TP321 two major advantages:outstanding resistance to intergranular corrosion and excellent high-temperature strength.
Key Advantages of TP321
| Feature | Advantage | Why it matters |
| Corrosion Resistance | Excellent resistance to intergranular corrosion | The titanium (Ti) binds with carbon to prevent chromium carbide precipitation at grain boundaries, eliminating the risk of corrosion in welded or high-temperature environments (450-850°C / 840-1560°F). |
| High-Temperature Strength | Superior creep resistance and strength | Unlike 304, TP321 maintains structural integrity and strength under long-term exposure to high temperatures (up to ~900°C / 1650°F), making it ideal for heat exchangers, boilers, and exhaust systems. |
| Mechanical Properties | Higher strength than 304 | TP321 offers higher tensile strength (≥515 MPa) and yield strength (≥205 MPa) at both room and elevated temperatures. |
Mechanical & Physical Properties
| Density | 8.0 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point | 1454 °C (2650 °F) |
| Tensile Strength | Psi – 75000 , MPa – 515 |
| Yield Strength (0.2%Offset) | Psi – 30000 , MPa – 205 |
| Elongation | 35 % |
Chemical Composition
| SS 321 | SS 321H | |
| Ni | 9 – 12 | 9 – 12 |
| Cr | 17 – 19 | 17 – 19 |
| C | 0.08 max | 0.04 – 0.10 |
| N | 0.10 max | |
| Fe | Balance | |
| Mn | 2 max | 2 max |
| Si | 0.75 max | 0.75 max |
| S | 0.03 max | 0.03 max |
| P | 0.045 max | 0.045 max |
| Ti | 5xC min 0.60% max |
4xC min 0.60% max |
The main difference between TP347 and TP347H lies in their carbon content and the resulting high-temperature performance. TP347H is the high-carbon version of TP347, specifically designed for applications requiring superior creep strength at elevated temperatures.
Main Limitation
- Welding Filler Metal:While the base metal is weldable,TP347 (stabilized with Niobium)is often preferred over TP321 filler metal to avoid titanium burn-off in the welding arc.
Typical Applications
Due to its stability under heat and corrosion, TP321 is used in demanding environments:
- Petrochemical:Refinery piping, heater components, and flare lines.
- Power Generation:Boiler shells, superheater tubes, and turbine exhaust systems.
- Industrial:High-temperature chemical tankers, pressure vessels, and expansion joints.
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