Peltier Effect Cooling Peltier Thermoelectric Modules Best Cooling Solution

A typical thermoelectric module consists of an array of Bismuth Telluride semiconductor pellets that have been “doped” so that one type of charge carrier—either positive or negative— carries the majority of current. The pairs of P/N pellets are configured so that they are connected electrically in series, but thermally in parallel. Metalized ceramic substrates provide the platform for the pellets and the small conductive tabs that connect them. The pellets, tabs and substrates thus form a layered configuration. Module size varies from less than 0.25” by 0.25” to approximately 2.0” by 2.0”. Thermoelectric modules can function singularly or in groups with either series, parallel, or series/parallel electrical connections. Some applications use stacked multi-stage modules.