Cr4+:YAG crystal can be used not only as Q-switch but also as gain medium because of its excellent physicochemical properties. The Q-switch operation of pulse and CW Nd:YAG lasers has been realized by using Cr4+:YAG as Q-switch, and the CW tunable and self-mode-locked operation has also been realized by using CR4 +: YAG as gain medium. Compared with the traditional saturable absorber, Cr: YAG is superior to the traditional saturable absorber in many aspects. The doping concentration of Cr4+ ion in Cr4+:YAG is as high as 1018 cm-3, which can effectively reduce the size of passive Q-switch elements. It is beneficial to achieve high optical conversion efficiency, integration, and compact passive Q-switch laser
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