►Industrial reverse osmosis plant includes a multimedia prefilter, water softener or antiscalant dosing system(optional), dechlorination dosing system, reverse osmosis unit with semi-permeable membranes, and UV sterilizer or post chlorination as a post treatment.

►These RO machines apply the technology of reverse osmosis by transporting feed water through a multimedia prefilter to remove particles that are larger than 10-micron.

►Then the water is injected by an antiscalant chemical to control hardness fouling that may cause damage to the membranes of the RO machine. These pretreatment options have the capability of removing hardness, chlorine, odors, color, iron, and sulfur.

►The water then continues into the reverse osmosis unit where a high-pressure pump applies extreme pressure to the highly concentrated solution, separating the remaining salts, minerals, and impurities that the pre-filter cannot catch.

►Fresh, potable water comes out from the low-pressure end of the membrane while salts, minerals, and other impurities are discharged into a drain on the other end.

►Lastly, the water is passed through a UV sterilizer (or post chlorination) to kill any bacteria and microbes that still exist in the water.

• Filtration of effluent from paper pulp mill

• Cheese manufacture, see ultrafiltered milk

• Removal of some bacterias from milk

• Process and waste water treatment

• Enzyme recovery

• Fruit juice concentration and clarification

• Fruit juice concentration and clarification

• Dialysis and other blood treatments

• Desalting and solvent-exchange of proteins (via diafiltration)

• Laboratory grade manufacturing

• Radiocarbon dating of bone collagen