55-65% Lead Oxide Content Radiation Protection Lead Glass with Polished Surface Finish and 4mmPb Lead Equivalent

Jovvi sources lead oxide (PbO) with purity >99.9% from ISO‑certified smelters. Cerium oxide (CeO₂) is pharmaceutical grade. Each batch of raw material is assayed before mixing – rejected if impurity levels exceed 0.05%.

The glass formula for nuclear grade:

• 60–70% PbO (depending on target Pb eq.)
• 25–33% SiO₂ (silica)
• 2–4% Na₂O/K₂O (flux)
• 1–2% CeO₂ (browning stabilizer)
• 0.5% fining agents

Melting occurs at 1,350°C in a platinum‑lined furnace to prevent contamination. Melt time: 24 hours.

Glass is cooled from 450°C to 100°C at a controlled rate of <5°C/hour. Residual stress measured by polariscope must be <20 nm/cm – stricter than ASTM F218 requirement (which allows 35 nm/cm). Low stress prevents spontaneous fracture during thermal cycling in nuclear medicine departments.

CNC waterjet cutting – tolerances ±0.5 mm. Edges ground with 400‑grit diamond wheel, then polished to 1,200 grit. Both faces polished to <10 nm surface roughness (standard: <50 nm).

1. X‑ray transmission imaging – Reveals lead striations, bubbles >0.2 mm, and internal cracks.
2. Attenuation measurement – 140 keV (⁹⁹ᵐTc source or filtered X‑ray). 9‑point grid across panel. Pass if all points within ±0.05 mm Pb of nominal.
3. Optical quality – Light box inspection for bubbles, scratches, and distortion.
4. Flatness – Laser interferometer. Pass if <0.1 mm deviation over 1 meter.

Every nuclear grade panel receives a laser‑etched serial number on the lower edge (not visible from control room side). The serial number links to:

• Batch melt record (raw material certificates)
• Inspection reports (all four tests)
• Shipping and installation records
• Warranty registration

• ISO 13485:2016 (medical devices)
• ISO 9001:2015 (quality management)
• ISO 14001:2015 (environmental)
• CE marking (Class I medical)
• FDA 510(k) – available for X‑ray use (nuclear medicine as accessory)

Wooden crate with:

• Foam padding (50 mm on all sides)
• Desiccant packs (humidity indicator included)
• Shock indicator label (red if mishandled)
• "Lead Glass – Nuclear Grade" labeling