H13 steel is the most representative hot-working tool steel widely used for extrusion molds and metal die-casting molds. Also known as DIN 1.2344 and JIS SKD61 steel, this material requires strict heat treatment protocols to achieve optimal performance.

Heat slowly to 1550°-1650°F, hold until entire mass is heated through, and cool slowly in the furnace (40°F per hour) to about 1000°F. Suitable precautions must be taken to prevent excessive carburization or decarburization.

When desirable to relieve machining strains, heat slowly to 1050°-1250°F, allow to equalize, and cool in still air.

Warm slightly before charging into the preheat furnace operating at 1400°-1500°F.

H13 tool steel has very high hardenability and should be hardened by cooling in still air. Use salt bath or controlled atmosphere furnace to minimize decarburization. Temperature range: 1800°-1850°F depending on section size.

Quench in still air or dry air blast. For complicated forms, use interrupted oil quench - quench in oil and remove when part loses color (1000°-1100°F), then finish cooling to below 150°-125°F in air before immediate tempering.

Tempering is performed from 538 to 649°C (1000 to 1200°F) to achieve Rockwell C hardness of 53 to 38. Double tempering can be performed for one hour at preferred tempering temperature.

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