High-Carbon Steel Wire: Sourcing quality raw material is critical. The wire is fed into an automated spring coiling

 machine.

Heat Tempering: The coiled springs are heated in an oven to relieve internal stresses and set their shape.

This is essential for long-term durability and preventing sagging.

Pocketing: Springs are automatically fed into a machine that places them into sleeves of fabric and seals them

together with a robust glue (often hot melt adhesive) or ultrasonic welding.

Clipping and Assembly: The long strings of pocketed springs are clipped together with helical wires (usually

running along the top and bottom) to form a stable, unified unit or module.

Edge Reinforcement: Good units will have a border wire around the perimeter, which is then stapled or

clipped to the spring unit. This creates a firm edge that prevents roll-off and defines the sofa's shape.

Packaging: Units are compressed, rolled, or stacked and packaged for efficient shipping.