ASTM A213 T91 Alloy Steel Tube For Power Plants
ASTM A213 T91 Alloy Steel Tube For Power Plants
Specification
ASTM A213 T91 alloy steel tube offers excellent high-temperature strength, oxidation resistance, and creep resistance, making it ideal for demanding applications in power plants, boilers, superheaters, and heat exchangers. It is a 9% Cr-1% Mo alloy, micro-alloyed with Vanadium, Niobium, and Nitrogen, which results in a tempered martensitic microstructure and provides superior performance at elevated temperatures and pressures.
| American Standard | Standard Name |
| A213 / A213M | Seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy-steel Boiler,Superheater and Heat-Exchanger Tubes |
ASTM A213 T91 Alloy Steel Pipe Chemical Composition
Sources American Standard A213 / A213M TABLE 1 Chemical Composition Limits, % , for Low Alloy Steel
| Grade | UNS Designation |
C | Mn | P | S | Si | Ni | Cr | Mo | V | B | Nb | N | Al | W | Others |
| T91 Type 1 | K90901 | 0.07-0.14 | 0.30-0.60 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.20-0.50 | 0.4 | 8.0-9.5 | 0.85-1.05 | 0.18-0.25 | ... | 0.06-0.1 | 0.03-0.07 | 0.02 | ... | Ti 0.01 Zr 0.01 |
| T91 Type 2 Heat |
K90901 | 0.08-0.12 | 0.3-0.5D | 0.02D | 0.005D | 0.20-0.40D | 0.20D | 8.0-9.5D | 0.85-1.05 | 0.18-0.25 | 0.001D | 0.06-0.1 | 0.035-0.070D | 0.020D | 0.05D | Ti 0.01D Zr 0.01D |
| T91 Type 2 Product |
K90901 | 0.07-0.13 | 0.8-1.05 | 0.16-0.27 | 0.05-0.11 | Cu 0.10D Sb 0.003D Sn 0.010D As 0.010D N/AI 4.0 min |
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| A Maximum,uness range or minimum isindicated. Where eipses () apear in thistable, there is no requiremen,and analysis for the elementneed not be detemined or reported. B lt is permissible to order T2 and T12 with a sulfur content of 0.045 max. See 16.3. C Alternatively, in lieu of this ratio minimum, the material shall have a minimum hardness of 275 HV in the hardened condition, defined as after austenitizing and cooling to room temperature but prior to tempering. Hardness testing shall be performed at mid-thickness of the product. Hardness test frequency shall be two samples of product per heat treatment lot and the hardness testing results shall be reported on the material test report. D Applies to both heat and product analyses. E The terms Niobium (Nb) and Columbium (Cb) are alternate names for the same element. F Grade T93 shall have a Nb + Ta content of 0.05-0.12 %. G Chromium-Nickel Balance is defined as CNB = (Cr + 6Si + 4Mo +1.5W + 11V + 5Nb + 9Ti + 12AI) - (40C + 30N + 4Ni + 2Mn + 1Cu). |
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ASTM A213 T91 Alloy Steel Pipe Mechanical Properties
Sources American Standard A213 / A213M TABLE 4 Tensile and Hardness Requirements
| Grade Low Aloy Steels: |
UNS Designation |
TensileStrength. min, ksi [MPa] |
Yield Strength ,min, ksi [MPa] |
Elongationin 2 in. or 50 mm. min, %B.C |
HardnessA | |
| Brinell/Vickers | Rockwell | |||||
| T91 Types 1 and 2 | K90901 | 85 [585] | 60 [415] | 20 | 190 to 250 HBW/ 196 to 265 HV | 90 HRB to 25 HRC |
ASTM A213 T91 Alloy Steel Pipe Heat Treatment
Sources American Standard A213 / A213M TABLE 3 Heat Treatment and Grain Size Requirements A
| Grade Ferritic Alloy Steels |
UNS Designation |
Heat Treatment Type | Austenitizing/Solution Treatment StabilizingTemperature,min or range °F [°C] |
Cooling Media | Subcritical Annealingor TemperingTemperature,min or range °F [°C] |
| T91 Types 1 and 2 | K90901 | normalize and temper | 1900-1975[1040-1080] | - | 1350-1470[730-800] |
ASTM A213 T91 Alloy Steel Pipe Manufacturing Proces
ASTM A213 T91 Alloy Steel Pipe Application
- Superheater and Reheater Sections in High-Pressure Boilers
- Main Steam Piping and Headers
- Ultra-Supercritical (USC) Power Plants
- Heat Exchangers and Heat Recovery Steam Generators (HRSGs)
- Petrochemical Process Furnaces
ASTM A213 T91 Alloy Steel Pipe Packing & Loading
a. 1/2"-2"Plain end with black oil paint, caps both ends, bundles with loading belt.
b. 2"-4"Beveled end with black oil paint, caps both ends, bundles with loading belt.
c. 10"-20"Beveled end with black oil paint, caps both ends, loose packed in to container.
→Alloy Steel Pipes is transported in containers
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