Medium Frequency Heating PushMaking Machine Hot-Forming Elbow Machine

Elbow Machine (also: Elbow Forming Machine) is the key equipment that converts steel pipes into standard pipe elbows (45°, 90°, 180°). It drives dies with mechanical or hydraulic force to plastically deform the pipe into the required angle and radius. Springback is compensated by over-bending die design, holding angle tolerance within ±0.5° and bend radius generally R=1D–5D.

Hot pushing is the dominant process for thick-wall and high-pressure fittings: an induction coil heats a local band of the pipe to ~950°C (austenitizing), then a hydraulic pusher advances the blank over a mandrel die to expand and form the elbow. Normalizing follows to relieve residual stress. Stainless steel elbows are usually cold-formed and then pickled/passivated to restore corrosion resistance.

2. Common Machine Types & Reference Specifications

• Medium-Frequency Hot-Pushing Elbow Machine (Push-Making Machine): built on a base with guide rails, main hydraulic cylinder, pushing plate, mandrel die and an induction heating system. Reference series (e.g. BHEH): cylinder stroke 3,000–10,000mm, motor power 18.5–80kW, requiring matched IF power supply 160–1,000kW; capable of forming bend radii 1D–2.5D (also non-standard radii on request).
• CNC Pipe Bending Machine / Cold Bender: rotary draw bending or three-roll bending at ambient temperature — ideal for thin-wall, small-diameter tubes.
• Elbow Press (Press Forming): die-closing stamping with fast cycle time and high precision — best for small-diameter mass production.