Business Cooperation For Recycling Of Used Lithium Ion Batteries From Electric Vehicles

Worldwide, there has been an exponential growth in the production and application of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), driven by the energy transition and the electric vehicle market. The scarcity of raw materials and the circular economy strategy of LIBs encourage the need to reuse components, recycle, and give second life to used batteries. However, one of the obstacles is the insufficient volume of LIBs for recycling, which prevents the economic viability of this industrial process.

Thus, Hengyang Industry mainly focuses on the economic aspects of the recycling of LIBs, presenting and analyzing: (i) the advantages and disadvantages of recycling and (ii) a survey of factors that influence the cost and economic feasibility of disposing of batteries. The importance of regulations, the market, and business models regarding the recycling of LIBs in a few countries are also discussed. Finally, a business model is created for recycling LIBs in Brazil. The main factors that influence the economic feasibility of this process are indicated, such as government incentives through regulation, exemption from fees and taxes, and the adequacy of battery technology. Encouraging recycling through tax exemptions or reductions can make the process more economically viable, in addition to contributing to the circular economy. Another essential factor to be considered is the creation of joint ventures, which can facilitate the entire chain of the circular economy, including logistics, transport, and disposal of batteries.

Due to many LIBs being in use, it is essential to be concerned about the fate of these batteries when they reach the end of their useful life in the application in which they are found. Significant environmental impacts are caused during the manufacture of new batteries. These impacts are even more important than the choice of battery chemistry. In addition, there is some concern about the scarcity of raw materials and the possibility of reducing the value of batteries through recycling. Faced with such situations, there are two alternatives to the simple disposal of LIBs: second life and recycling.

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