ASTM A519 Seamless Stainless Steel Precision Pipe 4140 Cold Drawn Mechanical Steel Tubing
ASTM A519 is the American standard for seamless carbon and alloy steel mechanical tubing. It covers tubes manufactured for use as mechanical components, hydraulic cylinders, and precision-machined parts – not for fluid transport under pressure (that would be ASTM A179 or A213).
The standard specifies requirements for:
- Chemical composition
- Mechanical properties
- Dimensional tolerances
- Heat treatment options
ASTM A519 Seamless Precision Steel Tube is produced as a cold-drawn seamless (CDS) tube, offering tight tolerances, smooth surfaces, and consistent mechanical properties. Common grades include 1020, 1026, 4130, and 4140.
| Quick Facts | Value |
|---|---|
| Standard | ASTM A519 |
| Process | Seamless + Cold Drawn |
| Key Feature | Precision tolerances, smooth finish |
| Primary Use | Mechanical tubing, hydraulic cylinders |
| Grades | 1020, 1026, 4130, 4140 |
ASTM A519 covers multiple grades. Below are the most common carbon and alloy grades with their specified compositions.
| Grade | Carbon (C) | Manganese (Mn) | Phosphorus (P) | Sulfur (S) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1010 | 0.08–0.13 | 0.30–0.60 | ≤ 0.040 | ≤ 0.050 |
| 1020 | 0.18–0.23 | 0.30–0.60 | ≤ 0.040 | ≤ 0.050 |
| 1025 | 0.22–0.28 | 0.30–0.60 | ≤ 0.040 | ≤ 0.050 |
| 1026 | 0.22–0.28 | 0.60–0.90 | ≤ 0.040 | ≤ 0.050 |
| Grade | Carbon (C) | Chromium (Cr) | Molybdenum (Mo) | Manganese (Mn) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4130 | 0.28–0.33 | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 | 0.40–0.60 |
| 4140 | 0.38–0.43 | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 | 0.75–1.00 |
ASTM A519 Seamless Precision Steel Tube Grade Selection Guide:
| Grade | Key Feature | Typical Application |
|---|---|---|
| 1020/1026 | Good weldability and formability | General mechanical tubing |
| 4130 | Higher strength, good toughness | Aerospace, roll cages, shafts |
| 4140 | Highest strength, excellent hardenability | Hydraulic cylinders, heavy-duty components |
Mechanical properties vary with grade, heat treatment, and cold-drawing reduction. Below are typical minimum values.
| Grade | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Yield Strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1020 | ≥ 420 | ≥ 350 | ≥ 15 |
| 1026 | ≥ 450 | ≥ 380 | ≥ 15 |
| Grade | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Yield Strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4130 | ≥ 560 | ≥ 460 | ≥ 15 |
| 4140 | ≥ 655 | ≥ 415 | ≥ 15 |
Values are minimums. Actual properties depend on tube size and heat treatment. Quenching and tempering can significantly increase strength – 4140 can achieve 900–1100 MPa tensile after proper heat treatment.
| Condition | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Yield Strength (MPa) | Hardness (HB) |
|---|---|---|---|
| As-cold-drawn | 650–800 | 500–650 | 200–250 |
| Stress-relieved (SR) | 650–750 | 450–550 | 200–230 |
| Quenched + Tempered (Q&T) | 900–1200 | 750–1000 | 280–360 |
| Parameter | Typical Tolerance |
|---|---|
| Outside diameter (OD) | ± 0.10 mm to ± 0.50 mm (size dependent) |
| Wall thickness | ± 10% to ± 12.5% |
| Inside diameter (ID) | ± 0.25 mm to ± 0.50 mm (size dependent) |
| Straightness | ≤ 1.0 mm per meter |
For tighter tolerances, honing or skiving + roller burnishing is available.
Primary Use: Hydraulic cylinder barrels and mechanical components
Other Applications:
- Precision shafts and sleeves
- Machine tool components
- Automotive parts (shock absorbers, steering)
- Aerospace structural tubing (4130)
- Heavy equipment cylinders
Quick Pick:
| Need | Choose |
|---|---|
| General mechanical tubing | ASTM A519 1026 |
| Hydraulic cylinder barrel | ASTM A519 4140 |
| Aerospace/roll cage | ASTM A519 4130 |
| Cost-sensitive application | ASTM A519 1020 |
Every ASTM A519 tube we supply is backed by rigorous quality control and full traceability.
| Test | Purpose |
|---|---|
| Chemical analysis | Verify composition per standard |
| Tensile test | Confirm yield, tensile, and elongation |
| Hardness test | Check consistency (Brinell or Rockwell) |
| Flattening test | Assess ductility |
| NDT (eddy current or ultrasonic) | Detect surface and subsurface defects |
| Dimensional inspection | Verify OD, ID, and wall thickness |
| Surface inspection | Check for defects and surface finish |
- EN 10204 Type 3.1 – Mill test certificate (standard)
- EN 10204 Type 3.2 – Third-party verified (available on request)
- Full traceability – Heat number traceable to the mill
| Advantage | Detail |
|---|---|
| Stock availability | Common sizes ready to ship |
| Custom cutting | Cut to your exact lengths |
| Value-added services | Honing, skiving, and burnishing are available |
| Technical support | Engineering team for application advice |
| Global shipping | Door-to-door delivery |
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